An 80% could be anything above a 9.2. But statistically speaking, it's less likely to occur below a 9.5. Consider the following "worst case scenario:"
Suppose I'm taking 10 courses, and I get the grades 79%, 79%, 79%, 79%, 84%, 79%, 79%, 79%, 79%, 84% (unlikely, but possible). These average to 80%, but after conversion to letter grades we get 9,9,9,9,10,9,9,9,9,10 , which average to 9.2.
Conversely, a 9.5 can be less than 80%:
Again, suppose I'm in 10 courses, and I get the grades 77%, 77% 77% 77% 77%, 80%, 80%, 80%, 80%, 80%. These average to 78.5%, but after conversion to letter grades I get a 9.5.
It is by no means a perfect system. But the 9.5 is Mac's attempt to make the cut-off "fair" since a 10.0 average is almost definitely above 80%.
Also note that while the two calculations I posed give the same result using McMaster's 12-pt Letter Grade Scale, they would give different results using the 4.0 GPA scale. This is why most high-end programs will look at your grades using a 4.0 scale, and not Mac's scale. Namely, the 4.0 scale measures not only the quality of your grades (ie. I have an 11 average), but also the consistency of your grades (ie. I have an 11 average by consistently getting 10s and 12s, vs. I have an 11 average because I always get 11s).
The "consistent" 11s would result in a higher GPA.
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